[Effect of Water Components on Aggregation and Sedimentation of Polystyrene Nanoplastics].

The aggregation and sedimentation of micro/nano-plastics significantly affect their migration and distribution in the environment. This study investigated the effects of Na+ and natural organic matter （NOM） on the aggregation and sedimentation of polystyrene nano-plastics （PS-NPs） in the aqueous phase. Six types of water， such as seawater， lake water， and domestic sewage， were used to evaluate the above effects and other potential influencing factors. The results indicated that Na+ could facilitate the sedimentation of PS-NPs when it was less than 80 mmol·L-1， whereas it could promote the aggregation and suspension of PS-NPs when the concentration was greater than 80 mmol·L-1. NOM molecules affected the aggregation and sedimentation of PS-NPs by changing the ζ potential and relative density of particles via forming a multilayer adsorption structure with Na+ on the particle surface. It was observed that NOM greater than 10 mg·L-1 enhanced the dispersion and suspension of PS-NPs， which might have been attributed to the decrease in relative density of the particles as a large amount of NOM was absorbed onto the surface. Compared with synthetic waters， environmental waters enhanced the aggregation of PS-NPs， which may have been related to the amino acid， protein， and other organic macro-molecules in the water.

Ni-Catalyzed 1,5-Sigmatropic Ester Shift on Cyclopentadiene Rings: Regioselective Conversion of 5,5-Disubstituted Cyclopentadienes to CH2-Cyclopentadienes.

Described herein is a nickel(II)-catalyzed regioselective rearrangement of 5,5-disubstituted cyclopentadienes to fully functionalized CH2-cyclopentadienes via successive 1,5-sigmatropic shifts of the ester group on the quaternary carbon and hydrogen under mild basic conditions. The obtained CH2-cyclopentadienes were also readily applied in the preparation of highly functionalized dibenzo[e,g]azulene derivatives in two steps.

Self-assembly of conformation-adaptive dihydrophenazine-based coordination cages.

In this study, we designed and synthesized three conformation-adaptive Pd2L4- and Pd3L6-type coordination cages based on three dihydrophenazine-based ligands with different lengths. Interestingly, the shorter ligands L1 and L2 self-assembled into Pd2L4-type coordination cages while the longer ligand L3 formed Pd3L6-type one, mainly driven by the anion template effect. All coordination cages were confirmed through single-crystal X-ray diffraction, and their structural conformations underwent great changes compared with those of their corresponding ligands. Moreover, the conformational changes also significantly affected their photophysical and electrochemical properties which were distinct from their parent ligands.

[Mechanism of Qilongtian Capsules in treatment of acute lung injury based on network pharmacology prediction and experimental validation].

This study aimed to explore the mechanism of Qilongtian Capsules in treating acute lung injury(ALI) based on network pharmacology prediction and in vitro experimental validation. Firstly, UPLC-Q-TOF-MS/MS was used to analyze the main chemical components of Qilongtian Capsules, and related databases were used to obtain its action targets and ALI disease targets. STRING database was used to build a protein-protein interaction(PPI) network. Metascape database was used to conduct enrichment analysis of Gene Ontology(GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes(KEGG). AutoDock software was used to perform molecular docking verification on the main active components and key targets. Then, the RAW264.7 cells were stimulated with lipopolysaccharide(LPS) for in vitro experiments. Cell viability was measured by MTT and ROS level was measured by DCFH-DA. NO content was measured by Griess assay, and IL-1ß, IL-6, and TNF-α mRNA expression was detected by RT-PCR. The predicted targets were preliminarily verified by investigating the effect of Qilongtian Capsules on downstream cytokines. Eighty-four compounds were identified by UPLC-Q-TOF-MS/MS. Through database retrieval, 44 active components with 589 target genes were screened out. There were 560 ALI disease targets, and 65 intersection targets. PPI network topology analysis revealed 10 core targets related to ALI, including STAT3, JUN, VEGFA, CASP3, and MMP9. KEGG enrichment analysis showed that Qilongtian Capsules mainly exerted an anti-ALI effect by regulating cancer pathway, AGE-RAGE, MAPK, and JAK-STAT signaling pathways. The results of molecular docking showed that the main active components in Qilongtian Capsules, including crenulatin, ginsenoside F_1, ginsenoside Rb_1, ginsenoside Rd, ginsenoside Rg_1, ginsenoside Rg_3, notoginsenoside Fe, notoginsenoside G, notoginsenoside R_1, notoginsenoside R_2, and notoginsenoside R_3, had good binding affinities with the corresponding protein targets STAT3, JUN, VEGFA, CASP3, and MMP9. Cellular experiments showed that Qilongtian Capsules at 0.1, 0.25, and 0.5 mg·mL~(-1) reduced the release of NO, while Qilongtian Capsules at 0.25 and 0.5 mg·mL~(-1) reduced ROS production, down-regulated mRNA expression of IL-1ß, IL-6, TNF-α, and inhibited the inflammatory cascade. In summary, Qilongtian Capsules may exert therapeutic effects on ALI through multiple components and targets.

Functionalization of Pentacene: A Facile and Versatile Approach to Contorted Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons.

In this work, a facile and versatile strategy for the synthesis of contorted polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) starting from the functionalized pentacene was established. A series of novel PAHs 1-4 and their derivatives were synthesized through a simple two-step synthesis procedure involving an intramolecular reductive Friedel-Crafts cyclization of four newly synthesized pentacene aldehydes 5-8 as a key step. All the molecules were confirmed by single-crystal X-ray diffraction and their photophysical and electrochemical properties were studied in detail. Interestingly, the most striking feature of 1-4 is their highly contorted carbon structures and the accompanying helical chirality. In particular, the optical resolution of 2 was successfully achieved by chiral-phase HPLC, and the enantiomers were characterized by circular dichroism and circularly polarized luminescence spectroscopy. Despite the highly nonplanar conformations, these contorted PAHs exhibited emissive properties with moderate-to-good fluorescence quantum yields, implying the potential utility of this series PAHs as high-quality organic laser dyes. By using a self-assembly method with the help of epoxy resin, a bottle microlaser based on 3 a was successfully illustrated with a lasing wavelength of 567.8 nm at a threshold of 0.3 mJ/cm2 . We believe that this work will shed light on the chemical versatility of pentacene and its derivatives in the construction of novel functionalized PAHs.

Reproductive outcomes of ectopic pregnancy with conservative and surgical treatment: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

BACKGROUND: Ectopic pregnancy (EP), one of the most common gynecological emergencies, is the major cause of maternal death in the first trimester and increases the incidence of infertility and repeat ectopic pregnancy (REP). The aim of this study was to compare the effects of different treatment methods for tubal EP on natural pregnancy outcomes. METHODS: We systematically searched PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, and Clinical Trials for observational studies on EP (published until October 30,2022 in English) comparing methotrexate (MTX) versus surgery, MTX versus salpingostomy, MTX versus salpingectomy, salpingostomy versus salpingectomy, and MTX versus expectant treatment. Our main endpoints included subsequent natural intrauterine pregnancy (IUP) and REP. We assessed the pooled data using Review Manager software (version 5.3) with a random effects model. RESULTS: Of 1274 identified articles, 20 were eligible and 3530 participants were included in our analysis. There was a significant difference in the odds of subsequent IUP in tubal EP patients who underwent MTX compared with those who were treated with surgery [odds ratios (OR) = 1.52, 95% confidence interval (CI):1.20-1.92]. No significant difference was found in the odds of REP between the 2 groups (OR = 1.12, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.84-1.51). There was no significant difference in the odds of subsequent IUP and REP in patients after MTX compared to those after salpingostomy (OR = 1.04,95% CI: 0.79-1.38; OR = 1.10, 95% CI: 0.64-1.90). There was a significant difference in the odds of subsequent IUP in patients after MTX compared with those after salpingectomy (OR = 2.11, 95% CI: 1.52-2.93). No significant difference was found in the odds of REP between the 2 groups (OR = 0.98, 95% CI: 0.57-1.71). There was a significant difference in the odds of subsequent IUP between patients who underwent salpingostomy and those who underwent salpingectomy (OR = 1.61, 95% CI: 1.29-2.01). No significant difference was found in the odds of REP between the 2 groups (OR = 1.21, 95% CI: 0.62-2.37). There was no significant difference in the odds of subsequent IUP and REP in patients after MTX compared with those after expectant treatment (OR = 1.25, 95% CI: 0.64-2.45; OR = 0.69, 95% CI: 0.09-5.55). CONCLUSION: For hemodynamically stable tubal EP patients, MTX has advantages over surgery, particularly salpingectomy, in improving natural pregnancy outcomes. However, MTX is not inferior to salpingostomy and expectant treatment.

[The Risk and Survival Analysis of Multiple Malignancies in Hematologic Malignancy Patients: A Single Chinese Center Retrospective Study, 2009 through 2017].

OBJECTIVE: To explore the risk and location of multiple malignancies in patients with hematologic malignancies who were followed up for 9 years in Jiangsu Province Hospital and to evaluate the impact of the second primary malignancy on survival of patients. METHODS: The incidence and survival of multiple malignancies in 7 921 patients with hematologic malignancies from 2009 to 2017 were analyzed retrospectively. RESULTS: A total of 180 (2.3%, 180/7 921) patients developed second malignancy, of whom 58 patients were diagnosed with hematologic malignancies as the first primary malignancy, and 98 patients developed hematologic malignancies as second primary malignancy, and the other 24 cases were diagnosed with the second malignancy within 6 months after the first primary malignancy was diagnosed, which was difined as multiple malignancies occurring simultaneously. In 180 patients, 18 cases developed two hematologic malignancies successively, and 11 patients developed more than 3 primary cancers (among them, 2 female patients were diagnosed with 4 primary cancers). Patients with lymphoma and multiple myeloma (MM) as the second primary malignancy had poorer survival than patients with lymphoma and MM as the first primary malignancy. Patients with chronic myeloid leukemia as the second primary malignancy were also associated with inferior overall survival. CONCLUSION: In this study, 2.3% of hematologic malignancy patients had multiple mali-gnancies, lymphoma and MM as the second primary malignancy had poor survival.

Which patients with hydrosalpinx will benefit more from reproductive surgery to improve natural pregnancy outcomes?: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

BACKGROUND: The most common tubal disease leading to infertility occurs in the distal region, manifesting as hydrosalpinx. Tubal surgery is an effective alternative treatment. However, subpopulations that benefit the most from tubal repair surgery remain unclear. The objective of this study was to investigate the natural pregnancy outcomes of patients with hydrosalpinx after reproductive surgery and those with different grades of hydrosalpinx. METHODS: We searched the major online databases (PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, and Clinical Trials) to collect observational studies on patients with hydrosalpinx who underwent surgeries to preserve natural fertility from January 2000 to August 2022. The outcome indicators were natural intrauterine pregnancy (IUP) and ectopic pregnancy (EP) rates. Studies on patients with hydrosalpinx who underwent laparoscopic surgeries and those who intended to be conceived naturally were included. Studies on patients with non-hydrosalpinx diseases, those who underwent open surgery, and those who intended to undergo assisted conception were excluded. The Newcastle-Ottawa scale for observational studies was used for quality evaluation. Meta-analysis of a single rate was performed using RevMan5.3 software. RESULTS: A total of 10 articles were included in this study, including 1317 patients with hydrosalpinx. Seven studies were retrospective and 3 were prospective. It was found that after surgery for preserving natural fertility function, the IUP and EP rates of patients with hydrosalpinx were 27% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 22-32%) and 4.8% (95% CI: 2.91-8.26%), respectively. In addition, the IUP and EP rates in patients with mild (n = 254), moderate (n = 252), and severe (n = 473) hydrosalpinx were 50.5% (95% CI: 38.65-61.97%), 32.9% (95% CI: 21.88-46.24%), 10.7% (95% CI: 4.76-21.88%), and 7.4% (95% CI: 2.91-19.35%), 9.09% (95% CI: 6.54-13.79%), 8.3%, 8.26% (95% CI: 3.85-18.03%), respectively. CONCLUSION: Patients with mild to moderate hydrosalpinx will benefit more from reproductive surgery to improve natural pregnancy outcomes. However, the small sample size in our study needs to be further expanded, and the grouping needs to be more refined, such as grouping based on age. This may provide more guidance in clinical practice.

Synthesis and Characterization of Donor-Acceptor Iron Porphyrin Carbenes and Their Reactivities in N-H Insertion and Related Three-Component Reaction.

Iron porphyrin carbenes (IPCs) have been extensively recognized as the reactive intermediates in various iron porphyrin-catalyzed carbene transfer reactions. While donor-acceptor diazo compounds have been frequently used for such transformations, the structures and reactivities of donor-acceptor IPCs are less explored. To date, no crystal structures of donor-acceptor IPC complexes have been reported, and therefore, the involvement of IPC intermediacy for such transformations lacks direct evidence. Here we report the synthesis and NMR characterization of several donor-acceptor IPC complexes from iron porphyrin and corresponding donor-acceptor diazo compounds. The X-ray crystal structure of an IPC complex derived from a morpholine-substituted diazo amide was obtained. The carbene transfer reactivities of those IPCs were tested by the N-H insertion reactions with aniline or morpholine as well as the three-component reaction with aniline and γ,δ-unsaturated α-keto ester based on electrophilic trapping of an ammonium ylide intermediate. Based on these results, IPCs were identified as the real intermediates for iron porphyrin-catalyzed carbene transfer reactions from donor-acceptor diazo compounds.

[Physical growth and neurodevelopment of preterm infants at the corrected age of 18-24 months]. / æ—©äº§å„¿æ ¡æ­£18~24æœˆé¾„ä½“æ ¼ç”Ÿé•¿å’Œç¥žç»å‘è‚²æ°´å¹³ç ”ç©¶.

OBJECTIVES: To investigate the levels of physical growth and neurodevelopment in preterm infants at the corrected age of 18-24 months. METHODS: The physical growth data and neurodevelopment data of 484 preterm infants at corrected age of 18-24 months were prospectively collected by a post-discharge follow-up system for preterm infants. The infants were regularly followed up in Shenzhen Bao'an Maternal and Child Health Hospital Affiliated to Jinan University from April 2018 to December 2021. The neurodevelopment was evaluated by the Children Neuropsychological and Behavioral Scale-Revision 2016. A total of 219 full-term infants served as controls. The infants were divided into groups (extremely preterm, very preterm, moderate late preterm, and full-term) based on gestational age, and the groups were compared in the levels of physical growth and neurodevelopment. RESULTS: Except that the moderate preterm group had a higher length-for-age Z-score than the full-term group (P=0.038), there was no significant difference in physical growth indicators between the preterm groups and the full-term group (P>0.05). Each preterm group had a significantly lower total developmental quotient (DQ) than the full-term group (P<0.05). Except for the social behavior domain, the DQ of other domains in the extremely preterm and very preterm groups was significantly lower than that in the full-term group (P<0.05). The <32 weeks preterm group had a significantly higher incidence rate of global developmental delay than the full-term group (16.7% vs 6.4%, P=0.012), and the incidence rate of global developmental delay tended to increase with the reduction in gestational age (P=0.026). CONCLUSIONS: Preterm infants can catch up with full-term infants in terms of physical growth at the corrected age of 18-24 months, but with a lower neurodevelopmental level than full-term infants. Neurodevelopment monitoring and early intervention should be taken seriously for preterm infants with a gestational age of <32 weeks.

[Identification of chemical components based on UPLC-Q-TOF-MS/MS and network pharmacology of Zhuru Decoction].

This study analyzed the main chemical components of Zhuru Decoction via ultra-performance liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole time-of-flight tandem mass spectrometry(UPLC-Q-TOF-MS/MS), and then predicted the mechanism of Zhuru Decoction in clearing heat, resolving phlegm, detoxifying, and treating vomiting and alcohol-related vomiting caused by heat in stomach based on network pharmacology. The gradient elution was conducted in Agilent ZORBAX extend-C_(18) column(2.1 mm×100 mm, 1.8 µm) with the mobile phase of 0.1% formic acid aqueous solution(A)-acetonitrile(B) at a flow rate of 0.3 mL·min~(-1) and the column temperature of 35 ℃. The MS adopted the positive and negative ion mode of electrospray ionization(ESI), and the data were collected in the scanning range of m/z 100-1 500. A total of 98 compounds in Zhuru Decoction were identified via BATMAN, SYMMAP, TCMSP, and relevant literature, including 36 flavonoids, 7 triterpenoids, 8 gingerols, 20 organic acids, 5 amino acids, and 22 other compounds. On the basis of the available studies, 9 components were selected as index components, and the protein-protein interaction(PPI) network of the common targets was established with STRING 11.0. Finally, 10 core targets associated with the pharmacodynamic effect were screened out. This study established the UPLC-Q-TOF-MS/MS method for identifying the chemical components in the classic prescription Zhuru Decoction, and employed network pharmacology to explore the core targets of its efficacy, which provided a refe-rence for the quality control and the research of the pharmacodynamic substances of Zhuru Decoction.

Extended phenothiazines: synthesis, photophysical and redox properties, and efficient photocatalytic oxidative coupling of amines.

Herein we successfully developed a ring-fusion approach to extend the conjugation length of phenothiazines and synthesized a series of novel extended phenothiazines 1-5. The intriguing π-conjugation length-dependent photophysical and redox properties of 1-5, and their photocatalytic performance towards visible-light-driven oxidative coupling reactions of amines were systematically investigated. The results indicated that this series of extended phenothiazines exhibited continuous red shifts of light absorption with increasing numbers of fused rings. As compared with the conventional phenothiazine (PTZ), all the extended phenothiazines displayed reversible redox behavior and maintained a strong excited-state reduction potential as well. Consequently, 3, 4 and 5 with longer effective conjugation lengths could efficiently catalyze the oxidative coupling of amines to imines under visible-light irradiation; by comparison, the shorter 1, 2 and PTZ could only catalyze such reactions in the presence of UV light. Moreover, 3 showed superior catalytic performance which can result in better yields within a shorter reaction time, and in a broad substrate scope. Finally, a direct and efficient conversion of amines to imines under sunlight in an air atmosphere was successfully realized. We believe that our study including the new phenothiazine modification methodology and the newly developed extended phenothiazine-based photocatalysts will open up a new way to develop novel phenothiazine-based materials for optoelectronic and catalytic applications.

Cerium-oxo clusters for photocatalytic aerobic oxygenation of sulfides to sulfoxides.

Two cerium-oxo clusters (COCs) 1 and 2 are constructed by self-assembly of cerium ions and carboxylate ligands. Both clusters feature spherical structures resembling the key moiety of fluorite phase CeO2, and 1 exhibits high activity and selectivity for the photocatalytic aerobic oxygenation of sulfides to sulfoxides based on the switch between the Ce(IV/III) redox couple.

[Application of two noninvasive scores in predicting the risk of respiratory failure in full-term neonates: a comparative analysis]. / ä¸¤ç§æ— åˆ›è¯„åˆ†æ³•åœ¨è¶³æœˆæ–°ç”Ÿå„¿å‘¼å¸è¡°ç«­é£Žé™©é¢„æµ‹ä¸­çš„åº”ç”¨æ¯”è¾ƒ.

OBJECTIVES: To study the value of Silverman-Anderson score versus Downes score in predicting respiratory failure in full-term neonates. METHODS: The convenience sampling method was used to select the full-term neonates with lung diseases who were hospitalized in the neonatal intensive care unit from July 2020 to July 2021. According to the diagnostic criteria for neonatal respiratory failure, they were divided into a respiratory failure group (65 neonates) and a non-respiratory failure group (363 neonates). Silverman-Anderson score and Downes score were used for evaluation. The receiver operating characteristic analysis was used to compare the value of the two noninvasive scores in predicting respiratory failure in full-term neonates. RESULTS: Among the 428 full-term neonates, 65 (15.2%) had respiratory failure. The Silverman-Anderson score had a significantly shorter average time spent on evaluation than the Downes score [(90±8) seconds vs (150±13) seconds; P<0.001]. The respiratory failure group had significantly higher points in both the Silverman-Anderson and Downes scores than the non-respiratory failure group (P<0.001). The Silverman-Anderson score had an AUC of 0.876 for predicting respiratory failure, with a sensitivity of 0.908, a specificity of 0.694, and a Youden index of 0.602 at the optimal cut-off value of 4.50 points. The Downes score had an AUC of 0.918 for predicting respiratory failure, with a sensitivity of 0.723, a specificity of 0.953, and a Youden index of 0.676 at the optimal cut-off value of 6.00 points. The Downes score had significantly higher AUC for predicting respiratory failure than the Silverman-Anderson score (P=0.026). CONCLUSIONS: Both Silverman-Anderson and Downes scores can predict the risk of respiratory failure in full-term neonates. The Silverman-Anderson score requires a shorter time for evaluation, while the Downes score has higher prediction efficiency. It is recommended to use Downes score with higher prediction efficiency in general evaluation, and the Silverman-Anderson score requiring a shorter time for evaluation can be used in emergency.

[Quality value transmitting of substance benchmarks of Zhuru Decoction].

A total of 18 batches of Zhuru Decoction samples were prepared. Chromatographic fingerprints were established for Zhuru Decoction and single decoction pieces, the content of which was then determined. The extraction rate ranges, content, and transfer rate ranges of puerarin, liquiritin, and glycyrrhizic acid, together with the common peaks and the similarity range of the fingerprints, were determined to clarify key quality attributes of Zhuru Decoction. The 18 batches of Zhuru Decoction samples had 25 common peaks and the fingerprint similarity higher than 0.95. Puerariae Lobatae Radix, Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma, and Zingiberis Rhizoma Recens had 21, 3, and 1 characteristic peaks, respectively. The 18 batches of samples showed the extraction rates within the range of 18.45%-25.29%. Puerarin had the content of 2.20%-3.07% and the transfer rate of 38.5%-45.9%; liquiritin had the content of 0.24%-0.85% and the transfer rate of 15.9%-37.5%; glycyrrhizic acid had the content of 0.39%-1.87% and the transfer rate of 16.2%-32.8%. In this paper, the quality value transmitting of substance benchmarks of Zhuru Decoction was analyzed based on chromatographic fingerprints, extraction rate, and the content of index components. A scientific and stable method was preliminarily established, which provided a scientific basis for the quality control and formulation development of Zhuru Decoction.

[Quality value transfer of substance benchmarks in Huanglian Decoction].

Following the preparation of substance benchmarks in Huanglian Decoction from 18 batches, the method for detecting their characteristic spectra was established to identify the similarity range and peak attribution. The content and transfer rate ranges of the index components coptisine, palmatine, berberine, liquiritin, glycyrrhizic acid, 6-gingerol, and cinnamaldehyde and the extraction amount were combined for analyzing the quality value transfer from the Chinese medicinal pieces to substance benchmarks and clarifying the key quality attributes of substance benchmarks in Huanglian Decoction. The results showed that the substance benchmarks in Huang-lian Decoction of 18 batches exhibited good similarity in characteristic spectra(all greater than 0.98). There were 17 characteristic peaks identified in the substance benchmarks of Huanglian Decoction, including 10 from Coptidis Rhizoma, 3 from Glycyrrhizae Radix Et Rhizoma Praeparata Cum Melle(processed with water), 1 from Zingiberis Rhizoma, and 3 from Cinnamomi Ramulus. The contents and average transfer rates of the index components were listed as follows: coptisine 2.20-6.46 mg·g~(-1) and 18.50%±2.93%; palmatine 3.03-8.13 mg·g~(-1) and 26.56%±4.69%; berberine 7.71-22.29 mg·g~(-1) and 17.34%±3.00%; liquiritin 0.88-2.18 mg·g~(-1) and 9.88%±4.88%; glycyrrhizic acid 1.83-4.44 mg·g~(-1) and 8.50%±3.72%; 6-gingerol 0.56-1.43 mg·g~(-1) and 11.36%±2.37%; cinnamaldehyde 1.55-3.48 mg·g~(-1) and 19.02%±4.36%. The extraction amount of the substance benchmarks from the 18 batches was controlled at 10.65%-13.88%. In this paper, the quality value transfer of substance benchmarks in Huanglian Decoction was analyzed based on the characteristic spectra, the index component contents and the extraction amount, which has provided a basis for the subsequent development of Huanglian Decoction and the quality control of its related preparations.

Design of an open-shell nitrogen-centered diradicaloid with tunable stimuli-responsive electronic properties.

Organic diradicaloids usually display an open-shell singlet ground state with significant singlet diradical character (y0) which endow them with intriguing physiochemical properties and wide applications. In this study, we present the design of an open-shell nitrogen-centered diradicaloid which can reversibly respond to multiple stimuli and display the tunable diradical character and chemo-physical properties. 1a was successfully synthesized through a simple and high-yielding two-step synthetic strategy. Both experimental and calculated results indicated that 1a displayed an open-shell singlet ground state with small singlet-triplet energy gap (ΔES-T = -2.311 kcal mol-1) and a modest diradical character (y0 = 0.60). Interestingly, 1a was demonstrated to undergo reversible Lewis acid-base reaction to form acid-base adducts, which was proven to effectively tune the ground-state electronic structures of 1a as well as its diradical character and spin density distributions. Based on this, we succeeded in devising a photoresponsive system based on 1a and a commercially available photoacid merocyanine (MEH). We believe that our studies including the molecular design methodology and the stimuli-responsive organic diradicaloid system will open up a new way to develop organic diradicaloids with tunable properties and even intelligent-responsive diradicaloid-based materials.

Assessment of growth pattern of preterm infants up to a corrected age of 24 months. / æ—©äº§å„¿æ ¡æ­£24æœˆé¾„å† ç”Ÿé•¿è½¨è¿¹ç ”ç©¶.

OBJECTIVES: To assess the growth of preterm infants up to a corrected age of 24 months, and to understand the growth trend and pattern of preterm infants. METHODS: A preterm infant follow-up database was established based on the Internet Plus follow-up system. A total of 3 188 preterm infants who were born from April 2018 to April 2021 were enrolled. Their length, weight, and head circumference were recorded at birth and at the corrected ages of 1, 3, 6, 12, 18, and 24 months. The preterm infants were grouped by perinatal factors. The growth curves of these infants were plotted and compared with the International Fetal and Newborn Growth Consortium for the 21st Century (INTERGROWTH-21st) standard and World Health Organization (WHO) standard. RESULTS: The weight, length, and head circumference curves of each group of preterm infants grouped by various perinatal factors all rose rapidly within the corrected age of 6 months, but the growth rate slowed down after the corrected age of 6 months. Based on the actual age for the groups of preterm infants with different gestational ages (<28 weeks, 28-31+6 weeks, 32-33+6 weeks, and 34-36+6 weeks), the length curve gradually coincided with the WHO curve after the actual age of 9 months (P=0.082), while for the preterm infants with a gestational age of <32 weeks, the weight and head circumference curves were significantly lower than the WHO curves (P<0.001). Based on the corrected age, the physical growth curve of preterm infants with different gestational ages (<28 weeks, 28-31+6 weeks, 32-33+6 weeks, and 34-36+6 weeks) basically coincided with each other (P>0.05). For the infants with extremely low birth weight and the small-for-gestational-age infants, the length, weight, and head circumference curves were significantly lower than those of the INTERGROWTH-21st standard and the WHO standard (P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: The physical growth rate of preterm infants is faster within the corrected age of 6 months, and the growth rate slows down after the corrected age of 6 months. Preterm infants with a smaller gestational age need longer time to catch up in weight and head circumference. More attention should be paid to the physical growth of extremely preterm infants, extremely low birth weight infants, and small-for-gestational-age infants.

[A Retrospective Analysis of TKI Discontinuation in Patients with CML].

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the clinical characteristics of the patients with chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) discontinued tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKI) therapy and the outcome of the patients. METHODS: 35 cases of CML patients experienced initiative discontinuation of TKI therapy in our hospital from June 1st 2015 to December 31th 2019 were retrospectively analyzed. The TFR of the patients and the factors affecting it were analyzed. RESULTS: The median duration of TKI administration was 72 (range 35-173) months in the 35 patients. Among these patients, 8 had experienced TKI dose reduction or suspension. All the enrolled patients have achieved at least MMR. The median time for these patients achieving MMR was 15 (range 3-75) months after administration of TKI, and for MMR maintenance before TKI suspension was 55 (range 13-164) months. After TKI withdrawal the median follow up time was 20.3 (range 3-57.9) months, 22 out of 35 patients kept TFR, among them, 2 （5.71%） patients restarted TKI after 12 month suspension, and maintained MMR during suspension. 13 （37.1%）patients lost MMR, among them, 9 patients restarted TKI treatment, and 5 of them achieved MR4.0 after the median duration of 3(2-5) month. No patients were found to have disease progression. The estimated TFR rate was 57.8% and 51.8% at 12 and 24 months after discontinuation, respectively. Other clinical characteristic related to relapse were also analyzed, including the cumulative TKI administration duration, cumulative MMR duration, time to achieve MMR, median age at diagnosis, risk stratification by Sokal score, TKI dose reduction and discontinuation history, and second-generation TKI administration before stopping TKI, however, no statistical difference was found. CONCLUSION: TKI discontinuation is practical for CML patients in our center.

Post-Synthetic Modification of Metal-Organic Frameworks Bearing Phenazine Radical Cations for aza-Diels-Alder Reactions.

Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) consisting of organic radicals are of great interest because they have exhibited unique and intriguing optical, electronic, magnetic, and chemo-catalytic properties, and thus have demonstrated great potential applications in optical, electronic, and magnetic devices, and as catalysts. However, the preparation of MOFs bearing stable organic radicals is very challenging because most organic radicals are highly reactive and difficult to incorporate into the framework of MOFs. Herein we reported a post-synthetic modification strategy to prepare a novel MOF containing phenazine radical cations, which was used as heterogeneous catalyst for aza-Diels-Alder reaction. The zinc-based metal-organic framework Zn2 (PHZ)2 (dabco) (N) was successfully synthesized from 5,10-di(4-benzoic acid)-5,10-dihydrophenazine (PHZ), triethylene diamine (dabco) with Zn(NO3 )2 ⋅ 6H2 O by solvothermal method. The as-synthesized MOF N was partially oxidized by AgSbF6 to form MOF R containing ∼10% phenazine radical cation species. The resultant MOF R was found to keep the original crystal type of N and very persistent under ambient conditions. Consequently, MOF R was successfully employed in radical cation-catalyzed aza-Diels-Alder reactions with various imine substrates at room temperature with high reaction conversion. Moreover, heterogeneous catalyst MOF R was reusable up to five times without much loss of catalytic activity, demonstrating its excellent stability and recyclability. Therefore, the post-synthetic modification developed in this work is expected to become a versatile strategy to prepare radical-based MOFs for the application of heterogeneous catalysts in organic synthesis.